Automatic transmissions are designed for smooth operation, allowing a vehicle to shift gears effortlessly. However, a frustrating issue some drivers face is when the transmission engages, but the car refuses to move.
You shift into drive or reverse, hear the engine rev, but the vehicle stays in place or barely moves. This problem can happen unexpectedly and leave you stranded if not addressed properly.
Several factors can cause this issue, ranging from low transmission fluid to internal transmission damage. In some cases, the problem can be fixed with a simple adjustment or fluid refill, while other situations may require more extensive repairs.
Understanding the possible causes and solutions can help prevent further damage and get your vehicle back on the road.
This guide explores the common reasons why an automatic transmission goes into gear but won’t move, along with troubleshooting steps and repair options.
Common Causes of an Automatic Transmission Not Moving
1. Low or Contaminated Transmission Fluid
Transmission fluid is crucial for lubrication, cooling, and hydraulic pressure. If the fluid is too low or contaminated, it can cause the transmission to engage but fail to transfer power to the wheels.
Symptoms of low or bad fluid:
- Delayed or no movement in drive or reverse
- Slipping gears or hesitation
- Burning smell (indicating overheating or degraded fluid)
- Dark or dirty fluid with a burnt odor
Solution:
- Check the fluid level using the dipstick (if applicable).
- If low, add the recommended fluid type and check for leaks.
- If the fluid is dirty or smells burnt, perform a fluid change or flush.
2. Transmission Pump Failure
The transmission pump generates hydraulic pressure needed to engage gears. If the pump fails, the transmission won’t function properly.
Signs of a failing pump:
- No movement in any gear
- Whining noise from the transmission
- Inconsistent or weak power delivery
Solution:
- Have a professional test the hydraulic pressure.
- If the pump is bad, replacement is necessary.
3. Faulty Torque Converter
The torque converter transfers power from the engine to the transmission. If it fails, the engine will run, but the car won’t move.
Symptoms of torque converter failure:
- Engine revs but car doesn’t move
- Shuddering at low speeds
- Overheating transmission
Solution:
- If the issue is minor, a transmission fluid change may help.
- In severe cases, the torque converter may need replacement.
4. Damaged or Worn Clutches and Bands
Automatic transmissions use clutches and bands to shift gears. If these wear out or break, the transmission may not engage properly.
Signs of worn clutches or bands:
- Slipping gears
- Harsh or delayed shifting
- Inability to move despite engaging gear
Solution:
- Clutch packs and bands require professional inspection and replacement.
- In some cases, a full transmission rebuild may be necessary.
5. Broken Axles or Driveshaft Issues
If an axle or driveshaft is broken, power cannot reach the wheels, preventing movement even if the transmission engages.
Symptoms:
- Grinding or clunking sounds
- One or more wheels not turning
- Sudden loss of movement after hearing a loud snap
Solution:
- Inspect the axles or driveshaft for damage.
- Replace any broken components.
6. Faulty Shift Linkage or Shifter Cable
The shift linkage or cable connects the gear shifter to the transmission. If it’s misaligned or broken, the transmission may not properly engage.
Symptoms:
- Gear shifter feels loose or unresponsive
- Car stuck in neutral or another gear
- Inability to engage drive or reverse
Solution:
- Adjust or replace the shift linkage or cable.
7. Malfunctioning Transmission Control Module (TCM)
The TCM electronically controls shifting. If it fails, the transmission may not engage or function properly.
Signs of a bad TCM:
- Transmission stuck in one gear (limp mode)
- Unresponsive shifting
- Error codes on a diagnostic scanner
Solution:
- Scan for error codes using an OBD-II scanner.
- If faulty, the TCM may need reprogramming or replacement.
8. Internal Transmission Damage
Severe internal damage, such as a broken planetary gear set or failed valve body, can prevent movement.
Signs of internal damage:
- Grinding or knocking noises
- Inability to shift into certain gears
- Transmission fluid full but still no movement
Solution:
- Professional diagnosis is required.
- A transmission rebuild or replacement may be necessary.
Troubleshooting Steps
If your car goes into gear but won’t move, follow these steps:
Step 1: Check Transmission Fluid
- Locate the dipstick (if applicable).
- Check the fluid level and condition.
- If low, add fluid and check for leaks.
- If dirty or burnt, replace the fluid and filter.
Step 2: Test for Transmission Codes
- Use an OBD-II scanner to check for error codes.
- If codes appear, research the issue or consult a mechanic.
Step 3: Inspect for Leaks
- Look under the vehicle for signs of fluid leakage.
- Transmission leaks can cause pressure loss and failure to engage gears.
Step 4: Try Different Gears
- Shift through all gears (Park, Reverse, Drive, etc.).
- If the vehicle moves in one gear but not others, the issue may be mechanical.
Step 5: Check the Axles and Driveshaft
- If the engine runs but the car doesn’t move, visually inspect axles for breaks.
- If an axle is snapped, the car won’t move even if the transmission engages.
Step 6: Test for Shift Linkage Issues
- If the gear shifter moves freely but doesn’t engage properly, the linkage may be broken.
- Adjust or replace the shift cable if necessary.
Preventing Transmission Problems
To avoid issues with your automatic transmission:
✅ Check Transmission Fluid Regularly – Ensure it’s at the proper level and in good condition.
✅ Address Minor Issues Early – Fix slipping gears or hesitation before they worsen.
✅ Avoid Overheating the Transmission – Install a cooler if towing or driving in hot conditions.
✅ Use the Correct Transmission Fluid – Follow the manufacturer’s specifications.
✅ Schedule Regular Maintenance – A well-maintained transmission lasts longer.
Final Thoughts
If your automatic transmission goes into gear but the car won’t move, there are several possible causes, ranging from low fluid to serious internal damage. Checking the fluid level, shift linkage, axles, and using an OBD-II scanner can help identify the issue.
Some problems, like low fluid or a bad shift cable, are easy to fix. Others, like a failed torque converter or transmission pump, require professional repairs. Understanding the potential causes can help you determine the best course of action and prevent further damage to your vehicle.
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